What is Quota Heirs?
Quota Heirs are the heirs whose shares of inheritance are fixed by the Qur’an, Sunnah or ijma, and who are entitled to inheritance first.
There are 12 of quota heirs, 8 of whom are women and 4 of whom are men. Two of them are heirs by marriage and the other 10 are heirs by blood. Although each of them has their own considerations, when calculating the inheritance, the share of the Quota Heirs are always divided first.
Female Quota Heirs;
- Wife
- Daughter
- Mother
- Sahih Grandmother
- Sister (same mother and father)
- Sister (same mother but different father)
- Sister (same father but different mother)
- Granddaughter (son’s daughter, son’s son’s daughter)
Male Quota Heirs;
- Husband
- Father
- Brother (same mother but different father)
- Sahih Grandfather
The spouse, father, mother, and both male and female children of the heir (deceased person) always receive a share from the inheritance, whether it is small or large. In other words, the presence of another inheritor does not deprive these categories in any circumstance. (Exceptions include situations that completely exclude inheritance, such as murder, religious apostasy, or severe conflict.)
Fixed Portions of Quota Heirs (Furudhul Muqaddarah)
These fixed portions of quota heirs comprise a total of six shares.
- Half
- One Fourth
- One Eighth
- Two Thirds
- One Third
- One Sixth
After distributing the inheritance according to the prescribed portions of Quota Heirs, if any property remains, it is then distributed first to the asabah and other classes of heirs in order of priority.